What happens if a mechanical system does not account for thermal expansion?

When a mechanical system does not account for thermal expansion, it can lead to joint failures. Thermal expansion occurs when materials are heated, causing them to expand. If a system's components are rigidly connected without consideration for this expansion, the increased dimensions can create excessive stress at the joints. This stress can lead to mechanical failure, such as cracking or breaking of the components, particularly at fixed points of contact where movement is restricted.

Understanding the implications of thermal expansion is crucial in design and engineering, as it ensures that structures and machines function correctly under varying temperature conditions. Adequate allowances must be made in the design phase, often through the use of expansion joints or materials that can accommodate movement, to prevent failures and maintain system integrity. The other options do not reflect the critical impact that neglecting thermal expansion can have on the reliability and performance of a mechanical system.