What is the function of a flywheel in a mechanical system?

A flywheel serves a crucial role in mechanical systems by storing kinetic energy and smoothing out fluctuations in rotational speed. When there's an excess of energy, such as during acceleration, the flywheel absorbs that energy, allowing the system to maintain a consistent speed. Conversely, when energy demand increases, for instance during deceleration, the flywheel can release the stored energy to help keep the system running smoothly.

The design of a flywheel, typically involving a heavy rotating mass, enables it to maintain momentum, which helps to minimize vibrations and sudden changes in speed. This can lead to improved efficiency and longevity of mechanical systems, making the system's operation more reliable.

In contrast, regulating temperature pertains to thermal management within a system, which is not a flywheel's function. Enhancing friction and increasing the speed of components, while relevant to certain mechanical concepts, do not accurately describe what a flywheel is designed to achieve. The primary purpose of a flywheel is indeed to store and smooth out rotational energy, making it integral to the functioning and stability of various machinery and engines.